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The Passover/ The Lord’s Supper

Scripture: Exodus 12:1-14

Listen link:  https://www.lcepc.org/Sermons  

We all know the story of Moses, right? Haven’t we all watched the Ten Commandments movie with Charlton Heston? So, this week we read the first 12 chapters of Exodus. That covers just about the first half of the Ten Commandments movie, right up to just before all the Israelites actually left Egypt. It’s tempting to focus on the story of Moses, do a character study, or a leadership analysis. But the real focus of the Biblical story is God. What do we learn about him here? What kind of leader is he? This is God’s Revelation. These things really happened in history. But they happened the way they did because God was using events we could see, to teach us about the nature and character of an invisible person, himself.

Our reading ended this morning on the First Passover night, the one that became Israel’s first national holiday, their Independence Day, that commemorates being set free from slavery in Egypt. But it also commemorates God’s judgment of the Egyptians, the night that all of Egypt’s first-born sons died, from the sheep, cattle and donkeys, all the way up to Pharaoh’s own son. No one escaped the angel of death except for those Israelites who obeyed the Lord’s command concerning the blood of a lamb painted on the door posts and lintels of their houses.

But a lot happened that leads up to that point. Now of course in a sermon of a reasonable length, we can’t cover all of that. But we can discern that God revealed himself along the lines of two great themes contained in this story. Those themes are: God’s relationship to the world and God’s relationship to his people.

In relation to the world, God is concerned to show that there is no other God besides him. Egyptians believed there were many gods. So, our God dealt them all a death blow. Specifically, each of the ten plagues served another purpose besides showing Pharaoh who was boss. Each plague specifically attacked one of the important gods of the land and proved them to be powerless and nothing. God showed that he has the ultimate power and no other Gods stand before him. There are no other gods! There are demonic pretenders, but they are not gods. I found a couple of documents. One lists 10 Egyptian gods that correspond to the 10 Plagues. The other shows how often one or more gods are shamed by each plague. If you’re interested and ask me, I’d be happy to share it with you.[i] [ii]

On the other great theme, God’s relation to his people, God was concerned to show how much he cares for and loves us. God displayed his provision for salvation, freedom and life. He said he remembered his covenant with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and he heard his people’s suffering cries and had come to do something about it. Not that he ever forgot about them.

He is always there. Always watching. He lets things take their natural course for long periods of time, a lot longer than we would be comfortable with. But there’s always a reason. We just don’t always know what it is. He doesn’t tell us everything. He expects us to trust him.

And yet, in this case, God had already told Abraham that his family would be enslaved for 400 years! In Genesis 15:13-14 God made a covenant with Abraham and said, “Then the Lord said to him, “Know for certain that for four hundred years your descendants will be strangers in a country not their own and that they will be enslaved and mistreated there. But I will punish the nation they serve as slaves, and afterward they will come out with great possessions.”

 Abraham received the promises of that Covenant, both the good and the bad news, before Isaac was even born! I wonder if anybody remembered the bad news part. I can understand why they wouldn’t want to! I do know that Jacob had to be told not to be afraid to go to Egypt with his family. In Genesis 46:3, God said, “Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt, for I will make you into a great nation there.” And it took 400 years to grow that family of seventy to a nation of about 2 million.

The bookends of that 400 years are interesting in themselves. Joseph, at the front end was a slave who rose to power, becoming a prince of Egypt. His family were guest immigrants who, after Joseph’s death, were subjected to slavery. Moses, on the back end, when the 400 years was almost up, was raised as a prince of Egypt who humbled himself to walk with his enslaved brethren. They lived nearly opposite career trajectories! But God used both of them to save his people. Thus, goes the ups and downs of the family of God.

When it was time for God to move his people out of Egypt, he had to do business with Pharaoh! Now God was going to bring both themes together and use Pharaoh’s hard heart to show both that he cares about his people’s suffering and that he is more powerful than any other supposed God because he is the only God there is. And this particular Pharaoh, known from historical records outside the Bible, was a very good candidate to receive justice because his reign had been brutal, both toward the Hebrews, enslaving them and killing their babies, and in the war campaigns he launched every year for 17 years of his reign, to terrorize and subdue other kingdoms, until Moses confronted him with “Let my people go!” God intended to totally humiliate this brutal warlord, so that the whole world would know that Yahweh is God! And the news did spread. ![iii]

I have already mentioned the Ten Plagues that afflicted the Egyptians as God’s show of force to make Pharaoh let the Hebrews go. We are all familiar with that part of the story, and that the final plague, the killing of all Egypt’s firstborn sons, is commemorated by the Passover celebration, initiated by God as we read in our text for today. Most of us also know that Jesus was celebrating the Passover and turned it into the Lord’s Supper, or our Holy Communion Service.

I want to emphasize that the Lord’s supper is not just derived from the Passover, but is a new development out of the ancient Passover celebration and the fulfillment of all that God intended to communicate to us through it. In an important sense, as important as it was to Israel’s history, the Passover story is “just” an illustration of the more important events that would be acted out by Jesus in the execution of himself. As important as it was in history for the Israelites to exist as a people, their Exodus from the land of Egypt is “just” an illustration of God's provision for all people's Exodus from the land of death. Paul would agree with me, as he taught in 1 Corinthians 10:11, “These things happened to them as examples and were written down as warnings for us, on whom the culmination of the ages has come.”

None of this happened by accident. It is not as if Jesus just happened to suddenly realize that the Pharisees would soon have opportunity to carry out their death threats and it just happened to be Passover and it just occurred to Jesus that the Holy meal they were observing might serve as an illustration of the meaning of what he had been trying to teach them. The Holy Trinity planned it this way all along, for our benefit, so the we could understand that Jesus is the ultimate fulfillment of the redemption plan by being our Passover Lamb, the True Lamb of God.

As you read the story in Luke’s gospel, you can see how Luke reveals all the layers of plans that were made by various characters in this story. The section opens with the chief priests and the teachers of the law looking for some way to get rid of Jesus. They were discussing plans to kill Jesus and coming up with no way to accomplish them because they were afraid to act in full view of all the supporters of Jesus.

Then we see that Satan had his own plan. Satan entered Judas, called Iscariot, one of the Twelve. And Judas went to the chief priests and the officers of the temple guard and discussed with them how he might betray Jesus. They were delighted. What an incredible word! They were “delighted!” What an evil glee, to rejoice in finding that they would be able to kill a man. Talk about being in league with the devil! These religious leaders were consorting with the enemy! But they didn't know it.

As far as they were concerned, God had answered their prayers! And so, he had, but for reasons of His own. These so called religious leaders were as blind as ever and had convinced themselves that it was for the good of the nation that this one man should die, when really it was just for their own benefit, so that they could maintain their own positions of power and not have to take the huge risk of believing that Jesus really was their true Messiah.

I remember I wanted to give the Pharisees a break and show some understanding by comparing their unbelief in Jesus to how hard it would be for a Tigers fan to turn into a Cubs fan. But not even the most hardened fanatic of the Tigers should be delighted at the prospect of killing the coach of the Cubs in an effort to eliminate that team from the competition. Not a sane one any way.

In Israel, these were the religious leaders! It was as if the coaching staff of the Tigers were planning the demise of the head coach of the Cubs, knowing it was against the rules, all kinds of rules. They wanted to win so badly that they were willing to cheat. Knowing it was cheating and not wanting to get caught at it, that's what was so frustrating. That was why they couldn't carry out their plans openly. It wouldn't look good. There would be an uproar. But if they could just get their hands on him in a private moment, his very capture would be a powerful sign that he was probably not their Messiah. Everybody would then want to see what would happen next. Which power would win, his or theirs? They would seek to kill Jesus because his death would prove to all that he was not the Messiah. Or so they thought.

In the mean time, while Judas and the Pharisees are fixated on their evil plot, we see the disciples planning dinner. They are the picture of innocence. They are the picture of ignorance. They really have no idea what is really going on around them in Israel and above them in the spiritual world. They are doing the ordinary things of living their lives, but with a special flare of excitement because they are the followers of Jesus, a miracle worker and maybe the Messiah. Oh, they do know it is a dangerous time for Jesus, but they have seen his power and they are trying to be brave for him while they wait for him to rise up and take the throne. And they believe, just like the religious leaders, that if Jesus really is Messiah, his capture and death will not actually be possible.

And underlying all these various plans, are the plans of God, settled before time began. There are no surprises here for Him. The humans are plotting their various courses of action. Even the devil has convinced himself that his troubles will be over if he can kill Jesus. But the Lord is directing all the steps, to bring to fruition his own plans for the world's redemption.

Now, imagine how the disciples might have felt as they experienced again the same Passover rituals they had enjoyed throughout their Jewish lives, but with growing confusion. They had seen the miracles their master had done, greater than those of Moses. They had heard the shouts of adoration of the people as they had walked with him into Jerusalem just four days before, on what we call Palm Sunday. Yet, the master was again talking about leaving them.

Also, imagine what thoughts Messiah might have had. This was his last dinner with his disciples. He had so much to tell them. Their own understanding of freedom had blinded them. Had he not warned them about this trip to Jerusalem? He had said, 'We are going up to Jerusalem, and everything that is written by the prophets about the Son of Man will be fulfilled. He will be betrayed and handed over to the chief priests and the teachers of the law. They will condemn him to death and will turn him over to the Gentiles to be mocked and flogged and crucified" (Matthew 20:18-19; Luke 18:31-32).

As with so many people today, the disciples had forgotten the teachings of the law, the prophets and the Psalms. They just didn’t see that Messiah would have to suffer and rise from the dead for the remission of sins. Only Jesus understood this and so he provided for their needs with his words and with his deeds.

It was the last meal Jesus would share with his best friends in the whole wide world. It was the night of his betrayal. For that reason, we call it the Last Supper. But it was really the First Supper. It was the very first communion service ever served at the table of the Lord. And in the same way that the very first Passover meal was celebrated before the angel of death passed over the land and killed all the first born of Egypt to set the Israelites free to leave, in the same way, our very first communion service was given to the leaders of the church before there was a church. Jesus hosted this meal the night before the angel of death came again and took him, the first born of God, and only him, to set all people free of the grip of condemnation under the Law because of our sins.

Those early Egyptians had died as a sign of God's condemnation of the whole people because of their sins. Even babies, who we would call innocent, died by God's decree. As hard as it was to suffer that much loss, the death of the first born showed God's mercy as much as it showed his judgment, in that it revealed he had power and the right to wipe out the entire Egyptian race, every last one of them, if He wanted to. But only some died, so that most could live, not just the Israelites, but most of the Egyptians were shown the mercy of God that night, though I doubt many of them appreciated the gift of life they had been given by almighty God who knew they didn't deserve it. But it was not a perfect sacrifice because it was not the free choice of the victims to offer up their lives.

Now Jesus, who we know is innocent and who we know is God, has come to offer up his own divine life. It is his free choice. One perfect sacrifice would be made, so that all could live. We are again being shown the mercy of God, and still today, many do not fully appreciate the gift of life we are given through the death of Jesus Christ. But we have the Lord's Supper, to help us understand and appreciate what God has done in our midst.

I call that a forward thinking look back into the future. “a forward thinking look back into the future.” Jesus gave the Passover meal it's new meaning of proclaiming his death and resurrection before it happened so that when it happened the disciples would realize that what had happened was what God meant to happen. This first celebration of the Lord's Supper was forward thinking because it was given to prepare the disciples for their future. It was a look back because it drew from the original historical Passover meal that same meaning of sacrifice and redemption.

It reminded the Disciples and forever after, all Christians, that everything that ever happened has already been planned for by the Sovereign Lord, who proves by the consistency of his actions throughout all history that he really is God, and the only God who ever lived! And just as the original Passover meal, celebrated first while they were still captives in Israel looked forward to a bright new future of freedom and liberty for a newly formed nation of the people of God, so the first Lord's Supper, celebrated before Jesus' death and resurrection, look forward to a bright new future of freedom and liberty for the true people of God.

Whenever we celebrate this meal as members of the Holy Christian Church it reminds us of who we really are. It defines the very nature and purpose for our existence. And for visitors, who do not yet believe the gospel, our proclamation of Jesus’ death and resurrection ought to be done in such a way that it explains the very nature and purpose for our existence. So, whenever we celebrate the Lord's Supper it is still a forward thinking look back into the future. We look back to remember who we are and reconfirm our faith in the one who has made plans for our future.

We celebrate in this, who we are today, and we look forward to what we shall become if we remain faithful to our identity in Christ, our unity with him and with his cause by faith in his gracious and merciful love for the whole world, not just for us but even for all those who have not yet heard or understood. We have work to do! So, we eat, to refresh and get ready. Amen.





[i] http://www.stat.rice.edu/~dobelman/Dinotech/10_Eqyptian_gods_10_Plagues.pdf
[ii] http://www.biblecharts.org/oldtestament/thetenplagues.pdf
[iii] http://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-date-1440bc.htm

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